What does a literary allusion refer to?

A literary allusion refers to a reference from previous literature, making this choice the most accurate. Allusions enrich a text by connecting it to well-known stories, characters, or works, allowing readers to draw on their existing knowledge for deeper understanding. For instance, mentioning "Pandora's box" in a modern story evokes the myth and its themes of curiosity and unintended consequences, adding layers of meaning.

The other choices do not reflect the definition of a literary allusion. Current events or trends pertain to contemporary topics rather than historical or literary references. Scientific terms or theories relate to fields of science and do not pertain to literature or literary analysis. Personal narratives focus on individual experiences and storytelling, which also does not align with the concept of referencing previous literature. Thus, the focus on prior literary works makes the correct answer evident.